Illustrated Encyclopedia of Human Anatomic Variation: Opus II: Cardiovascular System

Aortic Arch variations, II.

Ronald A. Bergman, PhD
Adel K. Afifi, MD, MS
Ryosuke Miyauchi, MD
Peer Review Status: Internally Peer Reviewed

Fig. 38:This figure was drawn from a specimen of low origin of the right subclavian with both carotids springing from a common stem, which is in the Warren Museum (Harvard University).

Fig. 39:This figure, taken from Krause (1876), Fig. 115 (Mccartney, and Tiedemann, (1846), Fig. 6, Plate XXXIX, represents a case of low origin of the right subclavian artery with the right vertebral springing from the right common carotid abd left vertebral from the aortic arch.

Fig. 40:This figure, representing a case of common trunk for the carotids, was taken from Tiedemann (1822), Fig. 2, Plate III; copied by Quain (1844) as Fig. 4, Plate VII.

Fig. 41:This figure, representing a case of low right subclavian artery, with a common stem for the left carotid and subclavian, was taken from Tiedemann (1822), Fig. 6, Plate II: copied by Quain (1844) as Fig. 8, Plate VII. (Note also that the right subclavian artery will be either retrotracheal or retroesophageal.)

Fig. 42:This figure, representing a case in which all four branches spring separately from the arch, was taken from Tiedemann (1822), Fig. 3, Plate III; copied by Quain (1814) as Fig. 10, Plate VI.

Fig. 43:This figure, representing a case of the left common carotid arising from the innominate trunk and the left vertebral from the arch, was taken from Tiedemann (1822), Fig. 7, Plate II.

Fig. 44:This figure, representing a case of the right subclavian arising as the second branch from the arch, was taken from Tiedemann (1822), Fig. 4, Plate III; copied from Huber (1777), vol. 8, p. 75 and Fig. 3.

Fig. 45:This figure is adapted from a case of left vertebral arising from the aortic arch, which was found in our (Poynter's) dissecting rooms.

Fig. 46:This figure, representing a case in which the left vertebral is the last branch from the arch, was taken from Tiedemann (1822), Fig.10, Plate III; copied by Quain as Fig. 10, Plate VII.

Fig. 47:This figure, representing the right subclavian as the third branch from the arch, was reported by Walter (1785), p. 62, Fig. 5, Plate III; it was copied by both Quain and Tiedemann.

Fig. 48:This figure, representing five branches from the arch, was reported by Penada (1801), p. 44, and illustrated by Tiedemann (1822) as fig. 4, Plate IV.

Fig. 49:This figure, representing six branches from the arch, was taken from Tiedemann (1822), fig. 5, Plate IV; copied by Quain (1844) as fig. 15, Plate VII.

Abbreviations used in the figures:
A, aorta; AD, aorta descendens (descending aorta); C, carotis (carotid); CD, a. carotis communis dextra (right common carotid); CS a carotis sinistra (left common carotid); D, ductus arteriosus (Botalli); EC, a. carotis externis (external carotid artery); IC, a carotis internis (internal carotid artery); O, esophagus; P, a. pulmonalis (pulmonary artery); SD, a subclavia dextra (right subclavian artery); SS, a. subclavia sinistra (left subclavian artery); T, trachea; TD, ductus thoracicus (thoracic duct); VD, a. vertebralis dextra (right vertebral artery); VS, a vertebralis sinistra (left vertebral artery).

from Poynter, 1916.

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